PCR-reverse blot hybridization assay in respiratory specimens for rapid detection and differentiation of mycobacteria in HIV-negative population

Abstract Background Rapid identification of pathogenic Mycobacterium species is critical for a successful treatment. However, traditional method time-consuming and cannot discriminate isolated non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) at level. In the retrospective study, we evaluated clinical applicability PCR-reverse blot hybridization assay (PCR-REBA Myco-ID) with specimens rapid detection differentiation mycobacterial species. Methods A total 334 sputum 362 bronchial alveolar lavage fluids (BALF) from 696 patients mycobacterium pulmonary disease (MPD) 210 non-mycobacterium used as controls were analyzed. Sputum or BALF obtained MGIT 960-TBc ID test PCR-REBA Myco-ID assay. High resolution melt analysis (HRM) was to resolve inconsistent results Results MPD (292 MTB 404 NTM) eventually total, 292 MTBC 436 NTM isolates (mixed infection two in 32 specimens) across 10 identified. The most frequently M. intracellulare ( n = 236, 54.1%), followed by abscessus 106, 24.3%), kansasii 46, 10.6%), avium 36, 8.3%). Twenty-two cases had mixed ten infection. high level agreement 696; 94.5%) found between k 0.845, P 0.000). higher AUC both than test. Conclusion has advantages rapid, comparatively easy perform, relatively low cost superior accuracy compared ID. We recommend it into workflow laboratories especially source-limited countries.